RWANDA AGRICULTURE BOARD SUPPORT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT OF BENEFICIARIES: A CASE OF COOPERATIVE OF RICE DEVELOPMENT OF MUTARA VALLEY IN NYAGATARE DISTRICT

Main Article Content

MARCEL SEBAHIRE
IRECHUKWU EUGENIA NKECHI, PhD, PhD

Abstract

This study examined the role of Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB) support programs on the socio-economic improvement of beneficiaries, with a focus on CODERVAM Cooperative in Nyagatare District, Rwanda. Specifically, it assessed the influence of training programs, financing support, and technical support on farmers' socio-economic outcomes, including income levels, food security, asset ownership, and living standards. A cross-sectional descriptive research design was adopted, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected from a sample of 170 respondents selected from a target population of 320 using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Primary data were gathered using structured questionnaires and interview guides, while secondary data were obtained through document review. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis with the aid of SPSS version 27. The findings revealed that training programs were highly rated by respondents (composite mean = 4.45), financing support (mean = 4.44), and technical support (mean = 4.43), indicating strong positive perceptions of RAB interventions. Correlation results showed a strong positive relationship between socio-economic improvement and training programs (r = 0.688, p = 0.000), financing support (r = 0.615, p = 0.000), and a moderate relationship with technical support (r = 0.353, p = 0.000). Regression analysis indicated that training programs (β = 0.438, p = 0.000) and financing support (β = 0.389, p = 0.000) significantly influence socio-economic improvement, while technical support (β = 0.049, p = 0.425) was not statistically significant. The model explained 57.3% of the variation in socio-economic improvement (R² = 0.573), confirming a strong explanatory power of the independent variables. The study concludes that RAB training and financing support are key drivers of socio-economic improvement among cooperative members, while technical support plays a complementary but less significant role. It recommends strengthening integrated agricultural support systems, improving access to timely financing, and enhancing the quality and reach of training and extension services.

Article Details

Section
Articles
Author Biographies

MARCEL SEBAHIRE, Mount Kenya University

Mount Kenya University

IRECHUKWU EUGENIA NKECHI, PhD, PhD, School of Business and Economics, Mount Kigali University, Rwanda

School of Business and Economics, Mount Kigali University, Rwanda

References

African Development Bank. (2023). African economic outlook 2023: Financing inclusive agricultural transformation. AfDB Publications.

Becker, G. S. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. University of Chicago Press.

Bell, E., Bryman, A., & Harley, B. (2021). Business research methods (6th ed.). Oxford University Press.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). Thematic analysis: A practical guide. SAGE Publications.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2023). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development. (2023). Annual performance plan 2023/2024. Government of South Africa.

Field, A. (2021). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Food and Agriculture Organization. (2022). The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2022. FAO.

Food and Agriculture Organization. (2023). The state of food and agriculture 2023: Revealing the true cost of agrifood systems. FAO.

Globalmax and Development Ltd. (2022). Agricultural productivity and infrastructure constraints in Eastern Rwanda. Globalmax Publications.

Gurley, J. G., & Shaw, E. S. (1955). Financial aspects of economic development. American Economic Review, 45(4), 515–538.

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2022). Multivariate data analysis (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Hernández-López, R., García-Sánchez, E., and Ramírez-Torres, L. (2023). Agricultural training programs and socio-economic outcomes among maize smallholders in Puebla, Mexico. Latin American Research Review, 58(2), 145-167.

International Fund for Agricultural Development. (2024). Rural development report 2024: Inclusive rural transformation and livelihoods. IFAD.

Irechukwu, E. N. (2024). Participatory market intelligence and trust-building in African insurance brokerage: A conceptual framework. African Journal of Strategic Marketing, 11(2), 78–96.

Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization. (2023). Agricultural commercialization and cooperative development in Kenya. KALRO.

Kothari, C. R. (2020). Research methodology: Methods and techniques (3rd ed.). New Age International.

Manishimwe, E., Safari, J., & Nyabyenda, P. (2021). Impact of agriculture-based cooperatives on socio-economic welfare of members in Kayonza District, Rwanda. Rwanda Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(1), 45-62.

Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources. (2022). Annual report 2021-2022. Kigali: MINAGRI.

Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources. (2023). Strategic plan for agricultural transformation in Rwanda (PSTA4). Government of Rwanda.

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. (2023). China agricultural modernization and rural revitalization report. Government of China.

Mitchell, K., O'Brien, P., and Patel, S. (2024). Precision agriculture technical support and farmer resilience in Australia: A quasi-experimental analysis. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 68(1), 112-135.

Moyo, T., Chikovore, J., & Dube, P. (2024). Access to credit and smallholder agricultural productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. African Journal of Rural Development, 15(1), 88–105.

Moyo, T., Chikozho, C., & Ndlovu, S. (2024). Cooperative participation and rural livelihood transformation in South Africa. Journal of Rural Development Studies, 18(2), 77–94.

Mugabo, P., Niyonsenga, J., & Uwimana, A. (2023). Agricultural training and rural welfare outcomes in Rwanda. Rwanda Journal of Agricultural Economics, 9(1), 115–130.

Mwakaje, A., Ngowi, H., and Mushi, R. (2024). Gender-responsive agricultural training and women's empowerment in Tanzanian rice value chains: A longitudinal analysis. African Journal of Rural Development, 9(1), 77-96.

National Institute of Food and Agriculture. (2022). Advancing agricultural innovation and sustainability in rural America. U.S. Department of Agriculture.

National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda. (2024). Agricultural household survey report. NISR.

Nkosi, B., Mokoena, T., and van der Merwe, J. (2023). Technical support programs and emerging farmer outcomes in South Africa: Evidence from Free State and Limpopo. Development Southern Africa, 40(4), 521-540.

Nyabyenda, A. N. (2021). Adoption of modern agriculture and poverty reduction in Rwanda. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 11(4), 52–60.

Nzamurambaho, F., Ekowati, D., & Gayatri, G. (2022). Comparative analysis of income levels between cooperative members and non-members in maize value chains: Evidence from Muhanga District, Rwanda. African Journal of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, 9(2), 78-94.

Omondi, P., Kariuki, J., & Njoroge, M. (2022). Agricultural cooperatives and smallholder welfare in Sub-Saharan Africa. African Journal of Agricultural Economics, 14(3), 102–121.

Otieno, D., Wamalwa, F., & Mburu, J. (2022). Institutional constraints and agricultural productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. African Journal of Development Studies, 14(2), 210–225.

Pallant, J. (2021). SPSS survival manual (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board. (2024). Agricultural extension and training policy framework. Government of Rwanda.

Rwanda Institute of Conservation Agriculture. (2022). Annual report on agricultural skills development and extension services. RICA.

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2023). Research methods for business students (9th ed.). Pearson.

Suryani, E., Prasetyo, B., and Dewi, K. (2022). Integrated training programs and socio-economic improvement among rice cooperative members in Central Java, Indonesia. Agrekon: Agricultural Economics Research, Policy and Practice in Southern Africa, 61(4), 412-430.

Tanaka, H., Sato, Y., and Yamamoto, K. (2023). Cooperative microfinance and smallholder welfare in rural Japan: A mixed-methods evaluation. Journal of Rural Economics, 95(2), 134-156.

Thompson, R., Leblanc, P., & Chen, Y. (2024). Cooperative governance and agricultural credit effectiveness in developing economies. Journal of Financial Development Studies, 18(1), 66–84.

Tumukunde, A. (2015). Factors affecting sustainability of rice farmers' cooperatives in Rwanda: A case of Rusizi and Nyagatare Districts [Master's thesis, University of Nairobi]. University of Nairobi Repository.

United States Department of Agriculture. (2023). Rural development, cooperatives, and agricultural productivity report. USDA Economic Research Service.

World Bank. (2024). Agricultural finance and rural development report. World Bank Group.

World Economic Forum. (2023). Digital transformation of agricultural extension services. World Economic Forum.

Zhang, Y., Li, X., & Wang, H. (2024). Cooperative participation and rural household welfare in contemporary China. Journal of Asian Agricultural Development, 21(1), 56–79.