EFFECT OF SCOPE DEFINITION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS IN KOREAN TELECOMMUNICATION RWANDA NETWORK PROJECT
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Abstract
This study examined the effect of scope definition on the performance of network infrastructure projects in the Korean Telecommunication Rwanda Network (KTRN). Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 91 respondents, including project managers, engineers, and key stakeholders, through structured questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential analyses, including means, standard deviations, and regression analysis, were conducted to assess the relationship between clearly defined project scope and project performance. The findings indicate that well-defined project objectives, deliverables, and work breakdown structures significantly enhance project completion rates, adherence to budgets, timely delivery, quality assurance, and stakeholder satisfaction. The regression results further confirm that scope definition is a strong predictor of project success (β = 0.765, p < 0.001). The study concludes that rigorous scope definition positively impacts network infrastructure project performance in Rwanda and recommends that project managers prioritize comprehensive scope planning and stakeholder engagement to minimize scope creep and optimize project outcomes. Future research could explore the interaction of scope definition with risk management and resource allocation in large-scale telecommunication projects.
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References
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Mugisha, P., & Kim, J. (2023). Influence of project scope clarity on infrastructure project performance: Evidence from East African telecommunication projects. International Journal of Project Management, 41(2), 150-162.
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Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Frels, R. K. (2021). Seven steps to a comprehensive literature review. Sage Publications.
Pallant, J. (2020). SPSS survival manual (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Park, S., & Lee, H. (2022). The impact of scope definition on network infrastructure project success in Korea. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 148(8), 04022073.
Pinto, J. (2021). Project management: Achieving competitive advantage (5th ed.). Pearson.
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Singh, A. S., & Masuku, M. B. (2018). Sampling techniques & determination of sample size in applied statistics research: An overview. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 6(11), 1–22.
Smith, J., & Patton, M. (2021). Financial control and budget adherence in infrastructure projects. International Journal of Project Finance, 17(3), 215–229.
Sridhar, K. S., Sridhar, V., & Wang, Y. (2024). Telecommunications infrastructure and economic growth: Evidence from developing countries. ResearchGate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net[](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4810947_Telecommunications_infrastructure_and_economic_growth_Evidence_from_developing_countries)
Taherdoost, H. (2018). Determining sample size: How to calculate survey sample size. International Journal of Economics and Management Systems, 3(1), 1–11.
Taherdoost, H. (2021). Validity and reliability of the research instrument; How to test the validation of a questionnaire/survey in research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management, 10(1), 1–12.
Turner, J. R. (2020). Handbook of project-based management (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Turner, J. R. (2021). Managing budgets and schedules in complex infrastructure projects. International Journal of Project Management, 39(6), 593–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2021.03.009
Verzuh, E. (2021). The fast forward MBA in project management (6th ed.). Wiley.
Wang, H., & Wang, S. (2020). Content validity of research instruments: Principles and best practices. Journal of Modern Research Methods, 12(2), 45–56.
Wang, L., Liu, S., & Zhang, Q. (2023). Early stakeholder involvement in infrastructure projects: Effects on scope definition and project performance. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(4), 901–915.
White House. (2021). Fact sheet: The bipartisan infrastructure deal. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov
Wideman, R. M. (2021). Project and program risk management: A guide to managing project risks and opportunities. Project Management Institute.
Wiles, R. (2021). Informed consent in social research: Ethical considerations. Sage Publications.
Wysocki, R. K. (2019). Effective project management: Traditional, agile, extreme (8th ed.). Wiley.
Yin, R. K. (2021). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
Yousuf, S., Malik, A., & Ali, R. (2022). Correlation between project scope clarity and project success: Evidence from IT and construction sectors. Journal of Project Management Research, 14(2), 87–101.
Zhang, Y., & Wang, L. (2020). Alignment of project objectives with stakeholder expectations in large-scale infrastructure projects. Engineering Management Journal, 32(1), 11–22.
Zhou, H., & Niu, X. (2021). Academic integrity and plagiarism prevention in project research. Ethics in Research and Practice, 6(1), 33–46.
Allen, D., & Wiles, R. (2022). Ensuring anonymity and confidentiality in qualitative research. Sage Publications.
Atlantic Council. (2021). The digital infrastructure imperative in African markets. Retrieved from https://www.atlanticcouncil.org (https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/africasource/the-digital-infrastructure-imperative-in-african-markets/)
Barroso, C., Gutiérrez, J., & de la Fuente, P. (2021). Project scope definition and its influence on project success: Evidence from infrastructure projects. International Journal of Project Management, 39(5), 467–480.
Batuo, M. E. (2015). The role of telecommunications infrastructure in the regional economic growth of Africa. The Journal of Developing Areas, 49(1), 313–330.
Bell, E., Bryman, A., & Harley, B. (2022). Business research methods (6th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Beskow, L. M., Sandler, R., & Smolek, S. (2020). Protecting confidentiality in research with human participants. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 15(1-2), 38–50.
Brown, A., & Clark, T. (2022). Stakeholder understanding and alignment in project deliverables. Journal of Modern Project Management, 10(2), 33–46.
Bryman, A. (2020). Social research methods (6th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Clark-Kazak, C. (2021). Ethical considerations in voluntary research participation. Routledge.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
Davis, K. (2020). The strategic project office: A guide to improving organizational performance. CRC Press.
Drost, E. A. (2018). Validity and reliability in social science research. Education Research and Perspectives, 45(1), 1–10.
Empower Africa. (2020). Internet infrastructure in Africa. Retrieved from https://empowerafrica.com[](https://empowerafrica.com/internet-infrastructure-in-africa/)
Etikan, I., & Bala, K. (2017). Sampling and sampling methods. Biometrics & Biostatistics International Journal, 5(6), 00149.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC). (2023). Broadband deployment report. Retrieved from https://www.fcc.gov
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Field, A. (2020). Using SPSS for data analysis in social science (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Grant, C., & Osanloo, A. (2020). Understanding, selecting, and integrating a theoretical framework in dissertation research: Creating the blueprint for your “house.” Administrative Issues Journal: Connecting Education, Practice, and Research, 4(2), 12–26.
Greer, R., Adnan, M., & Zheng, L. (2023). Structured tools for project scope definition and their impact on project performance. International Journal of Project Management, 41(3), 175-188.
GSMA. (2021). The mobile economy Sub-Saharan Africa 2021. Retrieved from https://www.gsma.com
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2021). Multivariate data analysis (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Harris, P., & Kumar, S. (2020). Updating the work breakdown structure: Challenges and best practices. International Journal of Construction Management, 20(4), 355–367.
International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2018). Global cybersecurity index 2018. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int
International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2022). Measuring digital development: Facts and figures 2022. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int
Jabareen, Y. (2019). Building a conceptual framework: Philosophy, definitions, and procedure. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 18, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919837475
Johnson, T., & Li, F. (2022). Agile vs. traditional project management approaches: Scope definition in dynamic environments. Journal of Modern Project Management, 10(1), 45–59.
Kerzner, H. (2020). Project management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (12th ed.). Wiley.
Kerzner, H. (2021). Project management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (13th ed.). Wiley.
Khan, M., Bukhari, S., & Shah, A. (2021). Project scope definition and its effect on project success. International Journal of Project Planning, 7(2), 101–115.
Khanna, A., Sharma, P., & Choudhary, R. (2022). Effective scope management and project success in telecommunications projects. Project Management Journal, 53(6), 569–584.
Knoppers, B. M., & Chadwick, R. (2021). Data protection and research ethics. Human Genetics, 140(2), 237–247.
Kothari, C. R. (2017). Research methodology: Methods and techniques (3rd ed.). New Age International.
Kumar, R., Singh, S., & Patel, N. (2020). Agile project management: Iterative scope definition and stakeholder involvement. Journal of Systems and Software, 165, 110583.
Liu, W., & Luo, Y. (2021). China–Africa collaboration in digital technology: Present and future challenges. SpringerLink.
Liu, Y., Wang, H., & Zhao, J. (2023). Stakeholder engagement in project scope definition: Implications for project success. Engineering Management Journal, 35(1), 56–67.
Morris, P., & Pinto, J. (2020). The Wiley guide to project, program, and portfolio management. Wiley.
Mugisha, P., & Kim, J. (2023). Influence of project scope clarity on infrastructure project performance: Evidence from East African telecommunication projects. International Journal of Project Management, 41(2), 150-162.
Müller, R. (2020). Project governance: Integrating governance into project management (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Müller, R., & Jugdev, K. (2020). Critical success factors in projects: A review of the last decade. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 13(3), 467–493. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-05-2019-0116
Muller, R., & Turner, R. (2021). Project success: A multidimensional strategic concept. Routledge.
Myovella, G., Karacuka, M., & Haucap, J. (2021). Determinants of digital technology development in Sub-Saharan African countries. Energy Informatics, 4(1), 1–18.
Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Frels, R. K. (2021). Seven steps to a comprehensive literature review. Sage Publications.
Pallant, J. (2020). SPSS survival manual (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Park, S., & Lee, H. (2022). The impact of scope definition on network infrastructure project success in Korea. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 148(8), 04022073.
Pinto, J. (2021). Project management: Achieving competitive advantage (5th ed.). Pearson.
Ravitch, S. M., & Riggan, M. (2021). Reason & rigor: How conceptual frameworks guide research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA). (2022). Annual report 2021–2022. Retrieved from https://rura.rw
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2019). Research methods for business students (8th ed.). Pearson Education.
Singh, A. S., & Masuku, M. B. (2018). Sampling techniques & determination of sample size in applied statistics research: An overview. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 6(11), 1–22.
Smith, J., & Patton, M. (2021). Financial control and budget adherence in infrastructure projects. International Journal of Project Finance, 17(3), 215–229.
Sridhar, K. S., Sridhar, V., & Wang, Y. (2024). Telecommunications infrastructure and economic growth: Evidence from developing countries. ResearchGate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net[](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4810947_Telecommunications_infrastructure_and_economic_growth_Evidence_from_developing_countries)
Taherdoost, H. (2018). Determining sample size: How to calculate survey sample size. International Journal of Economics and Management Systems, 3(1), 1–11.
Taherdoost, H. (2021). Validity and reliability of the research instrument; How to test the validation of a questionnaire/survey in research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management, 10(1), 1–12.
Turner, J. R. (2020). Handbook of project-based management (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Turner, J. R. (2021). Managing budgets and schedules in complex infrastructure projects. International Journal of Project Management, 39(6), 593–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2021.03.009
Verzuh, E. (2021). The fast forward MBA in project management (6th ed.). Wiley.
Wang, H., & Wang, S. (2020). Content validity of research instruments: Principles and best practices. Journal of Modern Research Methods, 12(2), 45–56.
Wang, L., Liu, S., & Zhang, Q. (2023). Early stakeholder involvement in infrastructure projects: Effects on scope definition and project performance. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(4), 901–915.
White House. (2021). Fact sheet: The bipartisan infrastructure deal. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov
Wideman, R. M. (2021). Project and program risk management: A guide to managing project risks and opportunities. Project Management Institute.
Wiles, R. (2021). Informed consent in social research: Ethical considerations. Sage Publications.
Wysocki, R. K. (2019). Effective project management: Traditional, agile, extreme (8th ed.). Wiley.
Yin, R. K. (2021). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
Yousuf, S., Malik, A., & Ali, R. (2022). Correlation between project scope clarity and project success: Evidence from IT and construction sectors. Journal of Project Management Research, 14(2), 87–101.
Zhang, Y., & Wang, L. (2020). Alignment of project objectives with stakeholder expectations in large-scale infrastructure projects. Engineering Management Journal, 32(1), 11–22.
Zhou, H., & Niu, X. (2021). Academic integrity and plagiarism prevention in project research. Ethics in Research and Practice, 6(1), 33–46.